The operation was launched in response to the April 22 attack in Pahalgam, where 26 civilians were killed. India attributed the attack to Pakistan-based militant groups, prompting a series of air and missile strikes on May 7. The Indian Air Force, utilizing Rafale jets equipped with SCALP missiles and AASM Hammer bombs, targeted nine locations, including Bahawalpur and Muridke, known hubs for Jaish-e-Mohammed and Lashkar-e-Taiba respectively. The strikes reportedly lasted 23 minutes and aimed to dismantle terrorist training camps and infrastructure.
Modi highlighted that the operation was a direct response to the loss of innocent lives and a message to those who perpetrate and support terrorism. He stated that India would no longer tolerate attacks on its citizens and would respond decisively to any future threats. The Prime Minister also dismissed Pakistan's claims of nuclear deterrence, asserting that India would not be blackmailed by such threats.
The operation's name, "Sindoor," holds symbolic significance, referring to the red powder applied by married Hindu women, representing commitment and protection. This choice underscores India's resolve to safeguard its citizens, particularly women, from terrorist threats.
Pakistan's response included authorizing "corresponding actions" and claiming to have downed several Indian jets. However, India maintained that its strikes were precise and targeted only terrorist infrastructure, avoiding civilian casualties. The situation escalated with cross-border shelling and drone engagements, raising international concerns about the potential for a broader conflict between the nuclear-armed neighbors.
A U.S.-brokered ceasefire was agreed upon after four days of hostilities, with both nations halting military actions. However, Modi clarified that the ceasefire was a temporary pause, contingent on Pakistan's cessation of terrorist activities. He reiterated that any future attacks would be met with immediate and decisive action.
Operation Sindoor also led to significant diplomatic fallout. India suspended the Indus Waters Treaty, expelled Pakistani diplomats, and revoked visas for Pakistani nationals. Pakistan responded by suspending the Simla Agreement, expelling Indian diplomats, and closing airspace and trade routes. These actions marked a severe deterioration in bilateral relations, reminiscent of the 1971 conflict.
The international community expressed concern over the escalation, urging both countries to exercise restraint. Despite the ceasefire, tensions remain high, with both sides accusing each other of violations. India continues to monitor the situation closely, maintaining a high state of alert along the border regions.
Operation Sindoor is viewed domestically as a demonstration of India's willingness to take bold actions to protect its citizens and uphold national security. The operation has been lauded for its precision and effectiveness in targeting terrorist networks, sending a clear message to adversaries about India's strategic capabilities and resolve.